# BUS-302 Assignment 2

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Publication Date10th October, 2020 No. of Pages3 Assignment IDSA00002Price$25 USDDownloads01Note*Don't submit this file directly. if you need unique solution contact us Description ---title: "Assignment 2"subtitle: "Econ 3210, Fall 2020"author: "Your name here"output: html_document--- {r setup, include=FALSE}knitr::opts_chunk$set( echo = TRUE, message = FALSE, warning = FALSE)# Set the graphical themeggplot2::theme_set(ggplot2::theme_light()) library(AER)library(wooldridge)library(tidyverse)  ## Question 1. This data is based on the following paper: K. Graddy (1997), "Do Fast-Food Chains Price Discriminate on the Race and IncomeCharacteristics of an Area?" Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 15, 391-401. In the paper, the authors argue that fast food chains employ discriminatory pricing practices by charging higher amounts for common items in areas that have a higher proportion of African Americans (the variable **prpblck**). a. What are the names of the variables in the **discrim** data? {r}# Your code here.discrim <- wooldridge::discrim  b. Consider the relationship below. $$psoda_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 prpblck_i + u_i$$ Run a simple regression to find the relationship between the price of soda (**psoda**) and the proportion of African Americans in a district (the variable **prpblck**). Is there a significant correlation? Do you think that this represents a causal relationship? {r}# Your code here  d. Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the coefficient on prpblck. What is the interpretation of a confidence interval? {r}# Your code here  ## Question 2. Using the data set beauty below. It contains the variable wage (hourly wage) and another variable abvavg that is a dummy variable for being "above average looking". This data is taken from an actual paper that looks at discrimination in the labour market. {r}beauty <- wooldridge::beauty  1. Use the command table() to tabulate the variable abvavg. This command tells you how many above average looking people are in the sample. {r}# Your code here  2. Consider the relationship$$wage_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 abvavg + u_i$$What is the interpretation of $u_i$? What sorts of things could be in $u_i$. > answer here 3. Estimate the relationship in (2). Interpret both the of the estimates of $\hat\beta_0$ and $\hat \beta_1$. {r}# code here  > answer here 4. Do beatiful people earn more than less beautiful people? (ie, is the coeffient $\hat \beta_1$ statistically significant)? 5. Now use the variable belavg instead abvavg in a regress. Is there a penalty for being below average looking (belavg is below average looking). ## Question 3. Suppose we wanted to predict a CEO's salary based on the firms return on equity over the previous 2 years. The data set ceosal contains the variables salary (annual salary in thousands) and roe, the return on equity in percent (ie, return * 100). Consider the following equation: $$salary_i = \beta_0 + \beta_1 roe_i + u_i$$ {r}ceosal <- wooldridge::ceosal1 1. Estimate the equation above and interpret the coefficient on $roe_i$. The units are important here -- the depednet variable is measured in thousands of dollars and $roe_i$ is in percent. Your interpretation should relate to these units of measurment. Discuss the test$$H_0: \beta_1 = 0 \\H_1: \beta_1 \neq 1$$ > answer here 2. In the following code chunck, I change the units of measurment. In particular, $roe\_decimal_i$ is $roe_i/100$ or measured as the return in decimals. The variable $salary\_dollars_i$ is salary measured in dollars rather than a thousands of dollars. {r}ceosal <- ceosal %>% mutate(roe_decimal = roe / 100, salary_dollars = salary * 1000) Estimate $$salary\_dollars_i = \alpha_0 + \alpha_1 roe_i + u_i$$and $$salary_i = \gamma_0 + \gamma_1 roe\_decimal_i + u_i$$in the code chunk below and interpret both the intercept and the slope coefficient. What is the relationship between $\beta_1$ and $\gamma_1$ and $\alpha_1$, and $\beta_0$ and $\gamma_0$ and $\alpha_0${r}# your code here  > answer here 3. Investigate the following hypothesis: $$H_0: \gamma_1 = 0 \\H_1: \gamma_1 \neq 1$$Do our conclusions change from part 1?